To learn more about the map elements, please download the "Pan-European strategy for genetic conservation of forest trees"
This distribution map has been developed by the European Commission Joint Research Centre (partly based on the EUFORGEN map) and released under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY 4.0)
Caudullo, G., Welk, E., San-Miguel-Ayanz, J., 2017. Chorological maps for the main European woody species. Data in Brief 12, 662-666. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2017.05.007
The following experts have contributed to the development of the EUFORGEN distribution maps:
Fazia Krouchi (Algeria), Hasmik Ghalachyan (Armenia), Thomas Geburek (Austria), Berthold Heinze (Austria), Rudi Litschauer (Austria), Rudolf Litschauer (Austria), Michael Mengl (Austria), Ferdinand Müller (Austria), Franz Starlinger (Austria), Valida Ali-zade (Azerbaijan), Vahid Djalal Hajiyev (Azerbaijan), Karen Cox (Belgium), Bart De Cuyper (Belgium), Olivier Desteucq (Belgium), Patrick Mertens (Belgium), Jos Van Slycken (Belgium), An Vanden Broeck (Belgium), Kristine Vander Mijnsbrugge (Belgium), Dalibor Ballian (Bosnia and Herzegovina), Alexander H. Alexandrov (Bulgaria), Alexander Delkov (Bulgaria), Ivanova Denitsa Pandeva (Bulgaria), Peter Zhelev Stoyanov (Bulgaria), Joso Gracan (Croatia), Marilena Idzojtic (Croatia), Mladen Ivankovic (Croatia), Željka Ivanović (Croatia), Davorin Kajba (Croatia), Hrvoje Marjanovic (Croatia), Sanja Peric (Croatia), Andreas Christou (Cyprus), Xenophon Hadjikyriacou (Cyprus), Václav Buriánek (Czech Republic), Jan Chládek (Czech Republic), Josef Frýdl (Czech Republic), Petr Novotný (Czech Republic), Martin Slovacek (Czech Republic), Zdenek Špišek (Czech Republic), Karel Vancura (Czech Republic), Ulrik Bräuner (Denmark), Bjerne Ditlevsen (Denmark), Jon Kehlet Hansen (Denmark), Jan Svejgaard Jensen (Denmark), Kalev Jðgiste (Estonia), Tiit Maaten (Estonia), Raul Pihu (Estonia), Ülo Tamm (Estonia), Arvo Tullus (Estonia), Aivo Vares (Estonia), Teijo Nikkanen (Finland), Sanna Paanukoski (Finland), Mari Rusanen (Finland), Pekka Vakkari (Finland), Leena Yrjänä (Finland), Daniel Cambon (France), Eric Collin (France), Alexis Ducousso (France), Bruno Fady (France), François Lefèvre (France), Brigitte Musch (France), Sylvie Oddou-Muratorio (France), Luc E. Pâques (France), Julien Saudubray (France), Marc Villar (France), Vlatko Andonovski (FYR Macedonia), Dragi Pop-Stojanov (FYR Macedonia), Merab Machavariani (Georgia), Irina Tvauri (Georgia), Alexander Urushadze (Georgia), Bernd Degen (Germany), Jochen Kleinschmit (Germany), Armin König (Germany), Armin König (Germany), Volker Schneck (Germany), Richard Stephan (Germany), H. H. Kausch-Blecken Von Schmeling (Germany), Georg von Wühlisch (Germany), Iris Wagner (Germany), Heino Wolf (Germany), Paraskevi Alizoti (Greece), Filippos Aravanopoulos (Greece), Andreas Drouzas (Greece), Despina Paitaridou (Greece), Aristotelis C. Papageorgiou (Greece), Kostas Thanos (Greece), Sándor Bordács (Hungary), Csaba Mátyás (Hungary), László Nagy (Hungary), Thröstur Eysteinsson (Iceland), Adalsteinn Sigurgeirsson (Iceland), Halldór Sverrisson (Iceland), John Fennessy (Ireland), Ellen O'Connor (Ireland), Fulvio Ducci (Italy), Silvia Fineschi (Italy), Bartolomeo Schirone (Italy), Marco Cosimo Simeone (Italy), Giovanni Giuseppe Vendramin (Italy), Lorenzo Vietto (Italy), Janis Birgelis (Latvia), Virgilijus Baliuckas (Lithuania), Kestutis Cesnavicius (Lithuania), Darius Danusevicius (Lithuania), Valmantas Kundrotas (Lithuania), Alfas Pliûra (Lithuania), Darius Raudonius (Lithuania), Robert du Fays (Luxembourg), Myriam Heuertz (Luxembourg), Claude Parini (Luxembourg), Fred Trossen (Luxembourg), Frank Wolter (Luxembourg), Joseph Buhagiar (Malta), Eman Calleja (Malta), Ion Palancean (Moldova), Dragos Postolache (Moldova), Gheorghe Postolache (Moldova), Hassan Sbay (Morocco), Tor Myking (Norway), Tore Skrøppa (Norway), Anna Gugala (Poland), Jan Kowalczyk (Poland), Czeslaw Koziol (Poland), Jan Matras (Poland), Zbigniew Sobierajski (Poland), Maria Helena Almeida (Portugal), Filipe Costa e Silva (Portugal), Luís Reis (Portugal), Maria Carolina Varela (Portugal), Ioan Blada (Romania), Alexandru-Lucian Curtu (Romania), Lucian Dinca (Romania), Georgeta Mihai (Romania), Mihai Olaru (Romania), Gheorghe Parnuta (Romania), Natalia Demidova (Russian Federation), Mikhail V. Pridnya (Russian Federation), Andrey Prokazin (Russian Federation), Srdjan Bojovic (Serbia) , Vasilije Isajev (Serbia), Saša Orlovic (Serbia), Rudolf Bruchánik (Slovakia), Roman Longauer (Slovakia), Ladislav Paule (Slovakia), Gregor Bozič (Slovenia), Robert Brus (Slovenia), Katarina Celič (Slovenia), Hojka Kraigher (Slovenia), Andrej Verlič (Slovenia), Marjana Westergren (Slovenia), Ricardo Alía (Spain), Josefa Fernández-López (Spain), Luis Gil Sanchez (Spain), Pablo Gonzalez Goicoechea (Spain), Santiago C. González-Martínez (Spain), Sonia Martin Albertos (Spain), Eduardo Notivol Paino (Spain), María Arantxa Prada (Spain), Alvaro Soto de Viana (Spain), Lennart Ackzell (Sweden), Jonas Bergquist (Sweden), Sanna Black-Samuelsson (Sweden), Jonas Cedergren (Sweden), Gösta Eriksson (Sweden), Markus Bolliger (Switzerland), Felix Gugerli (Switzerland), Rolf Holderegger (Switzerland), Peter Rotach (Switzerland), Marcus Ulber (Switzerland), Sven M.G. de Vries (The Netherlands), Khouja Mohamed Larbi (Tunisia), Murat Alan (Turkey), Gaye Kandemir (Turkey), Gursel Karagöz (Turkey), Zeki Kaya (Turkey), Hasan Özer (Turkey), Hacer Semerci (Turkey), Ferit Toplu (Turkey), Mykola M. Vedmid (Ukraine), Roman T. Volosyanchuk (Ukraine), Stuart A'Hara (United Kingdom), Joan Cottrell (United Kingdom), Colin Edwards (United Kingdom), Michael Frankis (United Kingdom), Jason Hubert (United Kingdom), Karen Russell (United Kingdom), C.J.A. Samuel (United Kingdom).
Status of Tilia tomentosa conservation in Europe
Silver lime has been shown to have high levels of polymorphism and genetic diversity and large morphological variability (Manea, Borlea, and Tenche-Constantinescu, 2017; Gabur et al., 2019; Tenche-Constantinescu et al., 2024). Despite growing under a variety of conditions, silver lime populations have similar genetic structures even in different ecosystems (Filiz et al., 2015). Groups of silver lime have high genetic similarity even over large areas (Manea, Borlea, and Tenche-Constantinescu, 2017). Some genetic clustering and clear differentiation of genotypes in relation to geographical origin is observed within Romanian populations of silver lime (Gabur et al., 2019). Silver lime has high rates of asexual reproduction which may explain a lack of genetic structuring (Gabur et al., 2019).
The bibliographic review was conducted by James Chaplin of the EUFORGEN Secretariat in August 2024.
Silver lime trees have potential for planting in urban areas to filter noise, reduce temperatures, and purify air, capturing pollutants from traffic and different industrial activities (Tenche-Constantinescu et al., 2024). They can also reduce flood damage during storms and their drought resistance makes them potentially valuable under future climate changes (Gabur et al., 2019). Climate change has already allowed an expansion of silver lime in Romania (Manea, Borlea, and Tenche-Constantinescu, 2017).
Silver lime is already used in urban areas in Türkiye, where urban populations are genetically distinct from “wild” ones, even though they are genetically similar (Filiz et al., 2015). Urban silver lime populations are vegetatively generated from wild populations, explaining why they are genetically similar but have their own genetic cluster (Filiz et al., 2015). However, identifying Tilia species in urban environments is difficult as they are morphologically variable, with many species, subspecies, hybrids, and ornamental varieties (Tenche-Constantinescu et al., 2024)
The bibliographic review was conducted by James Chaplin of the EUFORGEN Secretariat in August 2024.
Breeding efforts could prioritize crossing parental lines to create varieties with high-stress tolerance and adaptation to urban environments, including the ability to reproduce vegetatively allowing more widespread utility of the species in Europe (Gabur et al., 2019).
The bibliographic review was conducted by James Chaplin of the EUFORGEN Secretariat in August 2024.
Genetic Characterisation of Tilia tomentosa and its GCUs
Availability of FRM
Noble Hardwoods Network: Report of the third meeting
Contacts of experts
NA
Further reading
No available research.
References
Filiz, E., Birbilener, S., Ozyigit, I.I., Kulac, S., and Sakinoglu Oruc, F.C. 2015. Assessment of genetic variations of silver lime (Tilia tomentosa Moench.) by RAPD markers in urban and forest ecosystems. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 29(4): 631–636.
Gabur, I., Lipsa, F.D., Adumitresei, L., Tanase, C., and Simioniuc, D.P. 2019. Assessment of genetic variation of Tilia tomentosa by RAPD markers. Journal of Plant Development, 26: 85–91.
Manea, M.I., Borlea, G.F., and Tenche-Constantinescu, A. 2017. Aspects of genetic diversity of silver lime (Tilia tomentosa Moench.) populations in natural forests of western Romania. In: International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 17, pp. 473–480. Sofia, SGEM.
Tenche-Constantinescu, A.M., Lalescu, D.V., Popescu, S., Sarac, I., Petrescu, I., Petolescu, C., Camen, D., Horablaga, A., Popescu, C.A., Berar, C., and Onisan, E. 2024. Exploring the genetic landscape of Tilia spp. with molecular and statistical tools. Horticulturae, 10(6): 596. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10060596